South Africa’s economy is Africa’s third largest, as well as the continent’s most industrialized, technologically advanced, and diverse economy. South Africa is one of just eight countries in Africa with an upper-middle-income economy. Following the lifting of international sanctions in 1996, South Africa’s Gross Domestic Product (nominal) nearly tripled, reaching a high of US$416 billion […]
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GDP does not account for overall output or utility. GDP does not include any output that is not sold or reported since it only counts the value of all final goods and services, which is determined by the pricing of those commodities and services. For example, if someone offers his housecleaning services and cleans someone’s
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In addition to updated fourth-quarter projections, today’s announcement includes revised third-quarter 2021 wages and salaries, personal taxes, and government social insurance contributions, all based on new data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages program. Wages and wages climbed by $306.8 billion in the third quarter, up $27.7 billion from
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While some industries are more vulnerable to economic fluctuations, others tend to do well during downturns. However, no organization or industry is immune to a recession or economic downturn. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the consumer goods and alcoholic beverage sectors functioned admirably. During recessions and other calamities, such as a pandemic, consumer basics such as
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Divide the inflation rate by 100 to discover how it affects the value of a dollar. Then multiply the result by $1. (or any starting dollar amount you wish). Then double that by your monetary amount. What effect does inflation have? Inflation, or the gradual increase in the price of goods and services over time,
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Positive contributions from PCE, exports, residential fixed investment, federal government spending, and state and local government spending offset negative contributions from private inventory investment and nonresidential fixed investment in the fourth quarter, resulting in an increase in real GDP. Imports, which are deducted from GDP calculations, declined (table 2). The fourth quarter’s real GDP growth
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The core inflation rate, which is commonly measured on a year-over-year basis, eliminates the influence of volatile oil and food prices. In February 2022, it was growing 6.4 percent annually and 0.5 percent. Is there now any inflation? High inflation, which had been an economic afterthought for decades, resurfaced with startling speed last year. The
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The Great Recession lasted from December 2007 to June 2009, making it the longest downturn since World War II. The Great Recession was particularly painful in various ways, despite its short duration. From its peak in 2007Q4 to its bottom in 2009Q2, real gross domestic product (GDP) plummeted 4.3 percent, the greatest drop in the
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The Fisher Effect, coined by economist Irving Fisher, describes the relationship between inflation and both real and nominal interest rates. The real interest rate is equal to the nominal interest rate minus the predicted inflation rate, according to the Fisher Effect. As a result, unless nominal rates rise at the same rate as inflation, real
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Smaller companies may find it easier to pivot and make changes in an inflationary climate, which is one of the grounds for why small size stocks may outperform large cap stocks. What types of equities fare well in an inflationary environment? Investing in commodities, developing markets, and cyclical stocks during periods of increased inflation has
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