A common policy adopted by many central banks is an inflation target of around 2%. The Fed (which calls it a “long run aim”), the ECB (which targets inflation “below, but close to 2 percent”), and the central banks of most other advanced economies are among these central banks. In a recent essay (Ball 2013), […]
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BEIJING (Xinhua) The coronavirus pandemic has brought China’s spectacular, nearly half-century-long streak of growth to a stop, highlighting the monumental task that world leaders face in reviving the global economy. Chinese officials announced on Friday that the world’s second-largest economy shrank 6.8% in the first three months of this year compared to the same period
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In its second advance estimates of national accounts released on Monday, the National Statistical Office (NSO) forecasted the country’s growth for 2021-22 at 8.9%, slightly lower than the 9.2% estimated in its first advance estimates released in January. Furthermore, the National Statistics Office (NSO) reduced its estimates of GDP contraction for the coronavirus pandemic-affected last
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Households in the United Kingdom are under increasing strain. The cost of living dilemma looms huge, and low interest rates imply our money’s worth is rapidly depreciating. Many people are still feeling the effects of the 2020 Covid recession, although the British economy has shown a remarkable “V-shaped” rebound so far. Experts believe that in
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The Great Recession lasted from December 2007 to June 2009, making it the longest downturn since World War II. The Great Recession was particularly painful in various ways, despite its short duration. From its peak in 2007Q4 to its bottom in 2009Q2, real gross domestic product (GDP) plummeted 4.3 percent, the greatest drop in the
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According to a government panel, Japan’s latest recession lasted 19 months from May of last year, when the economy was in its worst fall on record as a result of the coronavirus pandemic’s early impact. The latest downturn of the world’s third-largest economy began in November 2018, when its exports bore the brunt of a
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The gross domestic product (GDP) is a quarterly economic measure that shows how much production a country produces. In the two months leading up to the release of the final number, the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) in the United States produces two estimates of quarterly GDP, known as advance and preliminary estimates: The advance
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Despite the fact that demand has surpassed supply over the last 2,000 years, gold’s investment growth rate has remained insignificant. Gold is seen as an effective instrument for diversifying a portfolio because it often rises when economic conditions worsen. Why does inflation have no effect on gold? Consumer prices rise and become more costly as
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Bonds’ deadliest enemy is inflation. The purchasing power of a bond’s future cash flows is eroded by inflation. Bonds are typically fixed-rate investments. Inflation (or rising prices) reduces the return on a bond in real terms, which means adjusted for inflation. When a bond pays a 4% yield and inflation is 3%, the bond’s real
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Grade inflation can be caused by a drop in academic standards, a rise in student achievement, or a combination of the two. Parents, students, and institutions can all put pressure on teachers to lower their standards. This is especially true because any school or teacher who takes a “hold out” position will put its students
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